1889-05 · Saint-Rémy-de-Provence · Knot of Motif

Irises: moment and letters

In his first letter from Saint-Rémy, two garden paintings were already under way.

  1. Vincent van Gogh, Irises, 1889, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence
    F608 Irises 1889
  2. Vincent van Gogh, Irises (in vase), 1890, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence
    F678 Irises (in vase) 1890
  3. Vincent van Gogh, Irises (pink background), 1890, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence
    F680 Irises (pink background) 1890

Painting

One of the earliest canvases was painted in May 1889. In his first Saint-Rémy letter, he reported that Irises and a lilac bush were already under way. Violet irises crowd diagonally into the lower half of the frame, the leaves stand crossed like swords, the soil orange-red. A year later he painted two more — vases of violet irises against yellow, then violet irises against pink, the colours pushed even purer. Set the three together: the garden subject later returns as a room-bound still life.

Letter

May 1889. He wrote to Theo: "I'm working on two others — bouquets of violet flowers against a yellow background, with an effect of terribly disparate complementary colours that reinforce each other by their opposition." Another letter: "The garden is full of violet irises." After the Arles crisis, leaving the Yellow House, and voluntarily entering the asylum, the first things he could write were still about colour and work, not about handing himself over to rumour.

Place

Saint-Paul Hospital, the walled garden. He had checked himself in voluntarily a few days before; in his first surviving letter from there, he told Theo that Irises and a lilac bush were already under way. This was the opening week of the twelve months he would spend here. Within the walls, he returned first to the garden subjects nearest at hand.

He entered Saint-Paul in May 1889, and soon after admission began to paint the irises in the garden.

In his first letter from Saint-Rémy, he told Theo that Irises and a lilac bush were already under way. Later letters continued to report work, materials, and the garden. The irises mark a return to painting, not proof of a cure.

That autumn Theo showed Irises at the Indépendants exhibition and wrote that it was one of Vincent's good things. The pictures' travels and reception remained part of their exchange.

Events

  1. The Colour Experimenter · Letter 776

    Within days he was allowed to step into the walled garden. The first thing he did was set up an easel before the irises — using painting to save himself

  2. The Translator · Letter 777

    Completed the first Irises — flat violet-blue, sharp black contour, large empty space across the upper half. Japanese visual grammar transferred onto a Provençal flowerbed

  3. The Colour Experimenter · Letter 777

    'The garden is full of violet irises.' Just after disaster, the first sentence he could write was about colour, not about himself

  4. Synaesthetic Precision · Letter 776

    Admitted to the Saint-Paul-de-Mausole asylum. At first kept in a second-floor room, watching the irises in the garden through the iron window

  5. The Colour Experimenter · Letter 776

    A year later, painted two more bouquets indoors — violet irises against yellow, against pink. 'Terribly disparate complementary colours that reinforce each other by their opposition.'

  6. Synaesthetic Precision · Letter 778

    The three placed side by side trace the slow displacement from 'I can go outside' to 'I can only stay in the room'

From the Letters

Je travaille à deux autres — des bouquets de fleurs violettes sur fond jaune, avec un effet de couleurs complémentaires terriblement disparates qui se renforcent par leur opposition.

I'm working on two others — bouquets of violet flowers against a yellow background, with an effect of terribly disparate complementary colours that reinforce each other by their opposition.

Letter 776
Le jardin est plein d'iris violets.

The garden is full of violet irises.

Letter 777

Letter Sources

Van Gogh letter records referenced on this page, linked to the Van Gogh Letters Project. vangoghletters.org

Technique Evidence

This work appears as evidence in this site’s technique-evolution axis.

  1. The World in Motion 1889.05 – 1890.05 Open period F608 / JH1691 Irises Impasto Visible impasto and thick brushwork Brushstroke Representative of swirling brushwork